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HEXAGRAM 52 – Ken – Keeping Still, Mountain

Above    KEN    KEEPING STILL, MOUNTAIN

Below    KEN    KEEPING STILL, MOUNTAIN

The image of this hexagram is the mountain,

the youngest son of

• heaven and
  
• earth.
  

The male principle is at the top,

• because it strives upward by nature;
  

the female principle is below,

• since the direction of its movement is downward.
  

Thus

there is rest

• because the movement has come to its normal end.
  

In its application to man, the hexagram turns upon

the problem of achieving a quiet heart.

It is very difficult to bring quiet to the heart.

While Buddhism strives for

• rest through an ebbing away of all movement in nirvana,
  

the Book of Changes holds that

• rest is merely a state of polarity that always posits
  

  movement as its complement.
  

Possibly the words of the text embody directions for the practice of yoga.

 

THE JUDGMENT

KEEPING STILL.

Keeping his back still

So that he no longer feels his body.

He

• goes into his courtyard And
  
• does not see his people.
  

No blame.

True quiet means

• keeping still when the time has come to keep still, and
  
• going forward when the time has come to go forward.
  

In this way

• rest and movement are in agreement with the demands of the time,
  

and thus

• there is light in life.
  

The hexagram signifies the end and the beginning of all movement.

The back is named because in the back are located

all the nerve fibers that mediate movement.

If

• the movement of those spinal nerves is brought to a standstill,
  
• the ego, with its restlessness, disappears as it were.
  

When

a man has thus become calm,

he may turn to the outside world.

• He no longer sees in it the struggle and tumult of individual beings,
  

and therefore

• he has that true peace of mind which is needed
  
  • for understanding the great laws of the universe and
    
  • for action, in harmony with them.
    

Whoever

• acts from these deep levels
  
• makes no mistakes.
  

 

THE IMAGE

Mountains standing close together: The image of KEEPING STILL.

Thus the superior man

Does not permit his thoughts To go beyond his situation.

1The heart thinks constantly.

This cannot be changed,

but the movements of the heart – that is,

a man’s thoughts –

should restrict themselves to the immediate situation.

All thinking that goes beyond this only makes the heart sore.

 

THE LINES

Six in the second place means:

Keeping his calves still.

He cannot rescue him whom he follows.

His heart is not glad.

The leg cannot move independently;

it depends on the movement of the body.

If a leg is suddenly stopped while the whole body is in vigorous motion,

the continuing body movement will make one fall.

The same is true of

a man who serves a master stronger than himself.

• He is swept along,
  

and even though he may himself halt on the path of wrongdoing,

• he can no longer check the other in his powerful movement.
  

Where

• the master presses forward,
  
• the servant, no matter how good his intentions cannot save him.
  

Nine in the third place means:

Keeping his hips still.

Making his sacrum stiff.

Dangerous.

The heart suffocates.

This refers to enforced quiet.

The restless heart is to be subdued by forcible means.

But fire when it is smothered changes into acrid smoke

that suffocates as it spreads.

Therefore, in exercises in meditation and concentration,

one

• ought not to try to force results.
  

Rather,

• calmness must develop naturally out of a state of inner composure.
  

If

• one tries to induce calmness by means of artificial rigidity,
  
• meditation will lead to very unwholesome results.
  

Six in the fourth place means:

Keeping his trunk still.

No blame.

As has been pointed out above in the comment on the Judgment,

keeping the back at rest means forgetting the ego.

This is the highest stage of rest.

Here

this stage has not yet been reached:

the individual in this instance,

though able to keep the ego, with its thoughts and impulses, in a state of rest,

is not yet quite liberated from its dominance.

Nonetheless,

keeping the heart at rest

is an important function,

leading in the end to the complete elimination of egotistic drives.

Even though at this point

one does not yet remain free from all the dangers of doubt and unrest,

this frame of mind is not a mistake,

as it leads ultimately to that other, higher level.

Six in the fifth place means:

Keeping his jaws still.

The words have order.

Remorse disappears.

A man in a dangerous situation,

especially when

he

• is not adequate to it,
  
• is inclined to be very free with talk and presumptuous jokes.
  

But injudicious speech easily

leads to situations that subsequently

give much cause for regret.

However, if

a man is reserved in speech,

his words take ever more definite form, and

every occasion for regret vanishes.

Nine at the top means:

Noble hearted keeping still.

Good fortune.

This marks the consummation of the effort to attain tranquility.

• One is at rest, not merely in a small, circumscribed way
  
  • in regard to matters of detail,
    

but

• one has also a general resignation
  
  • in regard to life as a whole,
    

and this

confers peace and good fortune in relation to every individual matter.

 

MOVING HEXAGRAM

 

HEXAGRAM 47 – K’un – Oppression (Exhaustion)

Above    TUI    THE JOYOUS, LAKE

Below    K’AN    THE ABYSMAL, WATER

1. The lake is above, water below; the lake is empty, dried up. (1)
   

Exhaustion is expressed in yet another way:

1. at the top, a dark line is holding down two light lines;
   

   below, a light line is hemmed in between two dark ones.
   

2. The upper trigram belongs to the principle of darkness,
   

   the lower to the principle of light.
   

Thus everywhere superior men are oppressed and held in restraint by inferior men.

 

THE JUDGMENT

OPPRESSION.

Success.

Perseverance.

The great man brings about good fortune.

No blame.

When one has something to say,

It is not believed.

• Times of adversity are the reverse of times of success,
  

but

• they can lead to success if they befall the right man.
  

When

a strong man meets with adversity,

• he remains cheerful despite all danger,
  

and

• this cheerfulness is the source of later successes;
  

it is that stability which is stronger than fate.

He who

• lets his spirit be broken by exhaustion certainly
  
• has no success.
  

But

if adversity only bends a man,

• it creates in him a power to react that is bound in time to manifest itself.
  

No inferior man is capable of this.

Only the great man

• brings about good fortune
  

and

• remains blameless.
  

It is true that for the time being outward influence is denied him,

because his words have no effect.

Therefore in times of adversity

it is important to be

• strong within
  

and

• sparing of words.
  

 

THE IMAGE

There is no water in the lake:

Thus

the superior man

stakes his life

On following his will.

When the water has flowed out below,

the lake must

• dry up
  

and

• become exhausted.
  

That is fate.

This symbolizes an adverse fate in human life.

In such times there is nothing a man can do

but

• acquiesce in his fate
  

and

• remain true to himself.
  

This concerns the deepest stratum of his being,

for this alone is superior to all external fate.

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