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HEXAGRAM 49 – Ko – Revolution (Molting)
Above TUI THE JOYOUS, LAKE
Below LI THE CLINGING, FIRE
The Chinese character for this hexagram means in its original sense
an animal’s pelt,
which is changed in the course of the year by molting.
From this the word is carried over to apply to
· the "molting" in political life,
· the great revolutions connected with changes of governments.
The two trigram making up the hexagram are
the same two that appear in K’uei, OPPOSITION (38), that is,
the two younger daughters,
· Li and
· Tui.
But while
· there the elder of the two daughters is above, and what results is essentially only an opposition of tendencies,
· here the younger daughter is above.
· The influences are in actual conflict, and
· the forces combat each other
like
· fire and
· water (lake),
each trying to destroy the other.
Hence
the idea of revolution.
THE JUDGMENT
REVOLUTION
On your own day
You are believed.
Supreme success,
Furthering through perseverance.
Remorse disappears.
· Political revolutions
o are extremely grave matters.
· They
o should be undertaken only under stress of direst necessity,
when there is no way out.
Not everyone is called to this task,
but only
the man who has the confidence of the people,
and even
he only when the time is ripe.
· He must then proceed in the right way,
so that
· he
o gladdens the people
and, by enlightening them,
o prevents excesses.
Furthermore,
· he
o must be quite free of selfish aims and
o must really relieve the need of the people.
Only then does
he have nothing to regret.
Times change, and with them
their demands.
Thus
the seasons change in the course of the year.
In the world cycle also
there are spring and autumn
in the life of peoples and nations,
and
these call for social transformations.
THE IMAGE
Fire in the lake: the image of REVOLUTION.
Thus the superior man
· Sets the calendar in order And
· makes the seasons clear.
· Fire below
and
· the lake above
· combat and
· destroy
each other.
So too in the course of the year
a combat takes place between
· the forces of light and
· the forces of darkness,
eventuating in the revolution of the seasons.
Man masters these changes in nature by
· noting their regularity and
· marking off the passage of time accordingly.
In this way
· order and clarity appear in
o the apparently chaotic changes of the seasons,
and
· man is able to adjust himself in advance to
o the demands of the different times.
